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Sunday, November 3, 2013 pm                    Studies in Psalms 

The Lord Our God is Holy
PSALM 99

 We are continuing our study of the psalms.  This is a psalm that addresses the holiness of God.  Typically it is divided into 3 sections, each concluding with the statement, “He is Holy” or “God is holy.”  We are not familiar with the author of this psalm, but some attribute it to David though the evidence is not clear.

 I.                    The Lord Reigns (1-3)

a.        God does reign – as has been established continually in the psalms and throughout scripture. 
God is sovereign ruler of the world.

b.       Let the peoples tremble!  KNOW your place before Him!  The idea of trembling is to approach Him with fear and reverence.  It applies even to us – Phil. 2:12 – work out your salvation with fear and trembling; Heb. 12:28-29.

c.        He dwells between the cherubim – a reference to the Ark of the Covenant – in Exodus 25:10-22 we find instructions to Moses to build the Ark of the Covenant.  On top of the ark was to be two cherubim facing one another and covering the mercy seat.  The ark was to be placed in the holy of holies in the tabernacle.  And there I will meet with you, and I will speak with you from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim which are on the ark of the Testimony, about everything which I will give you in commandment to the children of Israel.” (Exodus 25:22)

d.       Let the earth be moved – again we find a demonstration of His omnipotence.

e.       He is great in Zion and high above the peoples – Zion, as we have noted on many occasions is reference to Jerusalem, but often when used it has spiritual connotations dealing with God’s chosen people (as opposed to all in the nation).

f.         Let them praise Your great and awesome name
The word “awesome” means primarily to be afraid or to stand in awe (Vine’s).  The KJV uses the word, “terrible” here.  The idea is God is one to be held in awe or reverenced.  In fact, this same Hebrew word as is found in Psa. 111:9, “Holy and awesome is His name”.  The KJV says, “Holy and reverend in His name.”
It is a principle we must continually remind ourselves of.  God and all things associated with Him ought to be treated with proper decorum and respect.  His name is to be respected as is His sovereignty and person.  According to the Talmud, Jews, out of respect for His name, preferred to use a description rather than His actual name (even though it is acknowledged that nothing in the Torah or Mishnah prohibits one pronouncing the name of God).[1] They did this out of fear of mispronouncing His name.  That is why YHWH is often used with no vowel points (actually they see it closer to YHVH).
This psalm deals with respecting His name.  NOTE: IF we freely and flippantly use His name what does that say about our reverence for Him?

g.        He is holy!  1st of 3 times.  The word “holy” is a word that speaks of something that is dedicated or devoted.  The idea being we ought to treat God different and with respect.  (Psalm 111:9)
Joshua 24:19 says, ““But Joshua said to the people, “You cannot serve the Lord, for He is a holy God. He is a jealous God; He will not forgive your transgressions nor your sins.
Revelation 4:8, “The four living creatures, each having six wings, were full of eyes around and within. And they do not rest day or night, saying: “Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty, Who was and is and is to come!”

 

 II.                  The King’s strength (4-5)

a.        The King here is probably a reference to God reigning on His throne in heaven. The children of Israel would have been familiar with visions of His throne from both the psalms and prophets.  He was to be their king.  The “mercy seat” was, if you will, His throne coming to meet with them. 
That it is probably God’s throne is also considered by His character described.  Though there were some good kings, these qualities are ultimately found in God.

b.       He loves justice (judgment) – often God has been described as a just judge of the people.  (Psa. 45:6-7, 72:1-2, etc.)  We know that His final judgment will be just – Rom. 2:2, 2 Thess. 1:6, etc.

c.        He has established equity – He is upright and fair in His dealings.  God is NO respecter of persons (Acts 10:34, 1 Pet. 1:17 – He judges according to one’s works “without partiality”)

d.       He has executed justice and righteousness in Jacob – His just treatment of Israel could not be questioned.

e.       Exalt the Lord our God – considering who He is, we need to magnify Him in our lives – Psa. 34:3, see also 99:9; cf. Phil. 1:20 that Christ will be magnified in His body.

f.         Worship at His footstool – possibly a reference to the earth (being His footstool – cf. Isa. 66:1) and the point being bow before Him everywhere!

g.        He is holy – mentioned the second time.

 

 III.                God who forgives (6-9)

a.        Moses and Aaron among His priests – the righteous.
Moses While Moses was not actually a priest, (he was a Levite), he consecrated the priesthood as instructed by God (Exodus 24:3-8 – where

b.       Moses sprinkles blood on the people to sanctify them.  Exodus 29 finds Moses consecrating Aaron and his sons – the High Priesthood.)
He called upon the God “face to face” (Ex. 33:11, Num. 12:8) speaking directly to Him at Mt. Sinai and often as he entered the tabernacle in the wilderness. 
Aaron was the first High priest, consecrated by Moses at God’s instructions. It was through him that the priesthood had access to God appearing yearly in the tabernacle with atonement.  God answered him.  He also witnessed much of Moses’ direct interaction with God – more so than the rest of Israel (i.e. he would go closer than most of Israel at Mt. Sinai – Ex. 24:1, at the burning bush Aaron meets Moses – Ex. 4:14, he was at Moses’ side when Pharaoh was confronted, etc.)

c.        Samuel was the prophet who saw the end of the period of judges and ushered in the Kingdom (of Saul and David).  He was special from his birth being dedicated to God by his mother Hannah (1 Sam. 1:19-28).  God spoke to him at an early age (1 Sam. 3).  Though not a priest, he offered acceptable sacrifices to God (1 Sam. 7:9, 1 Sam. 13:7-12), etc.  He was also a great prophet of God who judged Israel and brought the monarchy to the land (though only because God permitted it).  Notice how in our text he is NOT described as a priest but one who called upon the name of God.

d.       They called upon the Lord and He answered them – all 3 of them made special appeals to God as we just noted.  God answered Moses directly on many occasions.  God answered Aaron as High Priest as he offered sacrifices for the people.  God answered Samuel as a prophet – again on many occasions.  One example – when Israel demanded a king we find the Lord speaking to him and saying, “And the Lord said to Samuel, “Heed the voice of the people in all that they say to you; for they have not rejected you, but they have rejected Me, that I should not reign over them.”” (1 Samuel 8:7)
1 Samuel 12:18 says, “So Samuel called to the Lord, and the Lord sent thunder and rain that day; and all the people greatly feared the Lord and Samuel.

e.       He spoke to them in the cloudy pillar – Moses and Aaron (and the people) witnessed this more than once.  I know of no occasion where Samuel saw God in a cloudy pillar, so it is possible that the reference is to Israel as a whole, as they all heard Him at Mt. Sinai – the point being in addition to these 3, there were many of Israel who appealed to God (priests, kings, prophets, etc.) and he heard their appeals.

f.         They kept His testimonies and ordinances – they obeyed Him (though not perfectly)

g.        God answered them!  See above for these examples.  For us, let us remember that the same is true of us.  As His children we can call upon Him - 1 John 3:18–22 - “My little children, let us not love in word or in tongue, but in deed and in truth. And by this we know that we are of the truth, and shall assure our hearts before Him. For if our heart condemns us, God is greater than our heart, and knows all things. Beloved, if our heart does not condemn us, we have confidence toward God. And whatever we ask we receive from Him, because we keep His commandments and do those things that are pleasing in His sight.

John 15:7, Jesus made similar promises to His disciples. 
James 5:16 says of our prayers, “The effective fervent prayer of a righteous man avails much.”

h.       You are to them God-Who-Forgives – He forgave them.  All 3 were mighty servants of God but they committed serious sins but God forgave them. 
Moses rebelled against God by striking the rock; Aaron made a golden calf, with Miriam challenged the authority of Moses and did other things; Samuel appointed his corrupt sons as priests.

Yet God forgave them.  Herein lies the message for us – God is a forgiving God.  Our hope is in His forgiveness.  He sent Jesus to die for “the world” (John 3:16); He delays His coming because He does not want any to perish (2 Pet. 3:9); 1 Tim. 2:3-4 – He desires that all be saved.
He continues to forgive us even after we sin – if we repent.  1 John 1:9
Heb. 4:16 – Because of Jesus we can boldly approach Him to find mercy and grace.
WE even find texts that speak of His chastening to bring us back – Heb. 12:3-11, cf. 1 Cor. 5:4-5, etc.

i.         Though You took vengeance on their deeds – there were consequences to their sins.
Moses was forbidden from entering the Promised Land and so was Aaron.  Aaron was held accountable and so was Samuel for various sins in their lives as well.
We too see in this that even though we might receive forgiveness of sins, our consequences do NOT go away!  In spite of what many want to teach or want to believe!  And sometimes those consequences might not seem fair, but we cannot question God.  Think of David and his sins with Bathsheba – there were many consequences, but God forgave him.
Remember who God forgives – the one who has kept His testimonies and ordinances (cf. 1 John 1:7)

j.         Exalt the Lord our God and worship at His holy hill – the place He has appointed – go to Him! 

                                                   i.      We need to exalt Him in worship!  Let us never forget that our worship is about Him first and foremost. 

                                                  ii.      WE have discussed the “holy hill” in times past – it is where God’s presence is. Physically, the tabernacle and the temple ended up in Jerusalem and it is a “holy hill”, but ultimately this is a description of heaven.  Psa. 87; Psa. 15, 24:3-5, etc.

k.        For the Lord our God is holy.  The third time this has been mentioned in this psalm.  1 Pet. 1:15-16

 Truly, our God is holy!  Does our conduct demonstrate an understanding of that holiness?